Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia
نویسنده
چکیده
Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) often occurs in the setting of surgery for congenital heart disease [1]. A congenital variety of JET not related to any surgery has also been described [2]. While post surgical JET has a mortality upto 14% [1], congenital JET has a mortality upto 34% [3]. A case of JET associated with myocarditis, has also been reported [4]. Electrocardiographic diagnosis of JET is made by the presence of AV dissociation in a narrow QRS complex tachycardia at a rate of 170 to 260 beats per minute and JET usually occurs within the first 24 to 48 hours of surgery [5]. Younger children tend to have faster and incessant JET [6]. JET in the fetus can be diagnosed based on AV dissociation noted in superior vena cava/ascending aorta Doppler flow recordings [7]. Mildh et al identified 51 patients with JET among a group of 1001 children undergoing open heart surgery over a 5 year period, an incidence of about 5% [1]. Rekawek J et al also found a similar incidence with 21 cases of JET among 402 children operated for congenital heart disease [8]. 8% incidence of JET among 336 cases were noted by Batra AS et al [9]. Andreasen JB et al reported an incidence of 10.2% of JET among 874 children who underewent corrective cardiac surgery [10]. In case of post operative JET, longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, higher body temperature and higher levels of postoperative troponin T or creatine kinase and high inotropic requirement were associated with JET. These patients also needed longer ventilatory support and intensive care, compared to controls matched for the same type of surgery [1,9-11]. Age less than 1 month, history of cardiac failure and an Aristotle score more than 4 were also associated with JET [12]. Intravenous infusion of cold saline in addition to surface cooling, to achieve a core temperature of 32-34 ºC was evaluated in a pilot study for the management of post operative JET in 10 patients recently [13]. The median heart rate decreased from 187 beats per minute to 158 beats per minute. They could achieve AV synchrony in all patients, either by restoration of sinus rhythm or successful atrial pacing. Usually atrial pacing will not affect JET, as is demonstated in the case report by Arshi et al [14] in this issue of the journal. Occasionally, extracorporeal mechanical oxygenation is needed to support the circulation until …
منابع مشابه
Clinical and electrophysiologic characterization of automatic junctional tachycardia in adults.
Junctional ectopic tachycardia has been described in infants but not in adults. Five adults with rapid symptomatic paroxysmal junctional tachycardia, distinct from the more common slower nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia, were recently evaluated. The tachycardia was irregular (rate 120 to 250) and accompanied by periods of atrioventricular dissociation and narrow QRS complexes. A junctional ...
متن کاملJunctional ectopic tachycardia evolving into complete heart block.
Transition from congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia to complete AV block was observed in an 8 month old girl, over a 36 hour period, during initial hospital admission. Two years later she had evidence of a rapidly increasing left ventricular end diastolic diameter, associated with lowest heart rates during sleep of < 30 beats/min. A transvenous permanent pacemaker was therefore implanted....
متن کاملProphylactic amiodarone reduces junctional ectopic tachycardia after tetralogy of Fallot repair.
OBJECTIVE Junctional ectopic tachycardia is common after pediatric heart surgery. After tetralogy of Fallot repair, the incidence of junctional ectopic tachycardia may be as high as 15% to 20%. We introduced prophylactic amiodarone for tetralogy repair. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the prophylactic amiodarone. METHODS A continuous infusion of amiodarone was starte...
متن کاملJunctional ectopic tachycardia after congenital heart surgery.
PURPOSE In this literature review, we try to give anesthesiologists a better understanding about Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia (JET), a narrow complex tachycardia that frequently occurs during and after surgery for congenital heart disease. SOURCE Information was found in the databases of Pubmed, Science Direct, Medline and the Cochrane Library, by using the mesh terms "Tachycardia, Ectopic ...
متن کاملSCIENTIFIC LETTER Congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia in children and adolescents: a 20 year experience based study
Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a rare arrhythmia presenting either as a primary form or more often as a transient phenomenon immediately after heart surgery. Congenital JET usually occurs in the first six months of life as a persistent arrhythmia, associated in up to 60% of cases with cardiomegaly and/or heart failure. Congenital JET has been described in sporadic case reports or large...
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